Astrocytoma

Definition

Astrocytoma is a type of brain and spinal cord tumor that starts in astrocytes, star-shaped glial cells that support nerve cells. In children, astrocytomas are among the most common central nervous system tumors.

Characteristics

Astrocytomas vary in grade, from low-grade (slow-growing) to high-grade (aggressive). Common types in children include pilocytic astrocytoma (typically benign) and diffuse astrocytoma. These tumors can affect brain function depending on their size and location.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves neurological exams, brain imaging (MRI), and sometimes biopsy. Prognosis is generally better for low-grade tumors, especially if they can be completely removed surgically. High-grade astrocytomas are more difficult to treat and often recur.

Treatment

Treatment options depend on tumor grade and location. Low-grade astrocytomas may be treated with surgery alone. Higher-grade tumors may require a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Some cases may benefit from targeted therapy or clinical trials.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025