Brain Tumors

Definition

Brain tumors are abnormal growths of cells in the brain or surrounding tissue. They can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous), and either primary (originating in the brain) or metastatic (spreading from other parts of the body).

Characteristics

Brain tumors vary widely in behavior and severity. Common types include gliomas (e.g., astrocytomas, glioblastomas), meningiomas, and medulloblastomas. Symptoms depend on the tumor’s size, location, and growth rate, and may include headaches, seizures, vision problems, or personality changes.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves neurological exams, brain imaging (MRI or CT), and often a biopsy to determine tumor type and grade. Prognosis depends on the specific tumor type, its grade, location, and how much can be surgically removed. Some brain tumors grow slowly, while others are highly aggressive.

Treatment

Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are being studied for certain types. A multidisciplinary approach is often needed, involving neurologists, oncologists, and surgeons.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025