Ependymoma Childhood

Definition

Ependymoma is a rare brain and spinal cord tumor that forms in the ependymal cells lining the ventricles and central canal. In children, it most often occurs in the brain, particularly in the posterior fossa.

Characteristics

Ependymomas may block the flow of cerebrospinal fluid, leading to increased intracranial pressure. Symptoms can include headaches, nausea, balance problems, vision changes, and irritability. Tumors vary in grade, and recurrence is common.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves MRI imaging and surgical biopsy. Molecular testing helps classify the tumor and guide treatment decisions. Prognosis depends on the tumor’s location, grade, and extent of surgical removal. Complete resection improves survival outcomes.

Treatment

Treatment typically begins with surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, followed by radiation therapy. Chemotherapy may be used, especially in very young children or if the tumor recurs. Long-term monitoring is essential due to the risk of relapse.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025