Adult Brain Tumors

Definition

Adult brain tumors are abnormal growths of cells in the brain or spinal cord. They can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) and may originate in the brain (primary tumors) or spread from other parts of the body (metastatic tumors).

Characteristics

Symptoms depend on the tumor’s location, size, and growth rate. Common signs include headaches, seizures, vision or hearing problems, memory loss, personality changes, nausea, and balance issues. Gliomas, including glioblastoma, are among the most common malignant brain tumors in adults.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves neurological exams, imaging tests (MRI, CT), and biopsy to determine tumor type and grade. Prognosis varies widely depending on the tumor type, location, and how much can be safely removed. High-grade tumors tend to grow and spread quickly, while low-grade tumors may grow slowly.

Treatment

Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and, in some cases, tumor treating fields (TTFields). Treatment plans are tailored to the individual based on the tumor’s characteristics and the patient’s overall health.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025