Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)

Definition

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer, though it is rare in children. It arises in the basal cells, located in the deepest layer of the epidermis.

Characteristics

BCC grows slowly and rarely spreads to other parts of the body, but it can cause local damage if left untreated. In children, it may be linked to genetic conditions like basal cell nevus syndrome (Gorlin syndrome). Lesions usually appear as pearly or flesh-colored bumps, often on sun-exposed areas.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis is confirmed through a skin biopsy. Prognosis is excellent when BCC is detected early and completely removed. Recurrence is possible, particularly in genetically predisposed patients or in cases of incomplete removal.

Treatment

Surgical excision is the most common treatment. Other options include cryotherapy, topical medications, or laser therapy for small lesions. Children with inherited syndromes may require ongoing dermatologic monitoring.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025