Bronchial Tumors (Lung cancer)

Definition

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the lungs, most often in the cells lining the air passages. It is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide.

Characteristics

There are two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for about 85% of cases, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which is more aggressive and spreads quickly. Symptoms may include a persistent cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, hoarseness, or coughing up blood.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves imaging tests (like CT scans), sputum analysis, and biopsy. Staging helps determine if the cancer is localized or has spread. Prognosis depends on the type, stage at diagnosis, and overall health. Early detection greatly improves outcomes.

Treatment

Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. NSCLC and SCLC are treated differently, and treatment plans are often personalized based on genetic mutations, such as EGFR or ALK changes.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025