Childhood Craniopharyngioma

Definition

Childhood craniopharyngioma is a rare, typically benign brain tumor that forms near the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. Although it is non-cancerous, it can cause serious health problems due to its location near critical structures.

Characteristics

Symptoms include vision problems, headaches, hormonal imbalances, growth delays, fatigue, and increased intracranial pressure. Because the tumor often affects the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, it can disrupt many body functions.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves brain MRI, endocrine evaluations, and often surgical biopsy or removal. Prognosis is generally good, especially when the tumor is fully removed. However, long-term effects such as hormone deficiencies or cognitive changes are common and require lifelong management.

Treatment

Treatment often involves surgery, either complete or partial removal, depending on the tumor’s location and impact. Radiation therapy is commonly used after partial resection. Lifelong hormone replacement therapy is frequently needed after treatment.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025