Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL)

Definition

Childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a group of fast-growing cancers that start in the lymphatic system. It includes several subtypes, such as Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

Characteristics

Symptoms vary depending on the subtype and location but often include swollen lymph nodes, abdominal pain or swelling, chest pain, breathing difficulties, fever, weight loss, and fatigue. NHL tends to spread quickly but responds well to treatment.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves imaging tests, blood tests, lymph node biopsy, and sometimes bone marrow examination. Prognosis depends on the subtype, stage at diagnosis, and response to initial therapy. Many children achieve long-term remission with appropriate treatment.

Treatment

Treatment typically involves multi-agent chemotherapy. Some cases may also require radiation therapy, targeted therapy, or stem cell transplantation, especially for high-risk or relapsed disease.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025