Childhood Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Definition

Childhood soft tissue sarcoma refers to a group of rare cancers that develop in the soft tissues of children, including muscles, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, and nerves. These tumors can occur almost anywhere in the body.

Characteristics

Symptoms depend on the tumor’s location but often include a painless lump, swelling, or functional impairment of nearby organs. These sarcomas grow at different rates and include various subtypes, such as synovial sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves imaging tests (MRI, CT), biopsy, and sometimes genetic or molecular studies to determine the tumor subtype. Prognosis varies based on the type, size, location, and whether the tumor has spread. Many childhood soft tissue sarcomas respond well to treatment when diagnosed early.

Treatment

Treatment typically involves a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. Radiation therapy may be added for more aggressive or difficult-to-remove tumors. Multidisciplinary care is essential, and long-term follow-up is required to monitor for recurrence or treatment side effects.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025