Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG)

Definition

DIPG is a rare and highly aggressive brain tumor that arises in the pons, a critical area of the brainstem that controls essential functions like breathing and heart rate. It primarily affects children between the ages of 5 and 10.

Characteristics

DIPG grows rapidly and infiltrates the brainstem, making surgical removal impossible. Symptoms typically include difficulty with balance and walking, facial weakness, vision problems, and problems with swallowing or speech.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis is based on MRI imaging and neurological examination. Biopsy may be performed in some cases to guide treatment. Prognosis remains poor, with a median survival of less than a year, although ongoing research is exploring new therapies.

Treatment

Radiation therapy is the standard initial treatment and can temporarily improve symptoms. Clinical trials exploring targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and experimental drugs offer hope, but there is currently no curative treatment.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025