Oropharyngeal Cancer

Definition

Oropharyngeal cancer forms in the oropharynx, the middle part of the throat, which includes the back of the tongue, tonsils, soft palate, and the walls of the throat.

Characteristics

This cancer is often linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, smoking, and heavy alcohol use. Symptoms may include a sore throat that does not heal, difficulty swallowing, a lump in the neck, ear pain, and voice changes.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves physical exams, endoscopy, biopsy, and imaging tests like CT, MRI, or PET scans. Prognosis is generally better for HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers compared to HPV-negative ones. Early detection improves treatment outcomes.

Treatment

Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination. HPV status may influence treatment planning, and efforts are often made to preserve swallowing and speech functions whenever possible.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025