Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer

Definition

Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer forms in the tissues lining the spaces around the nose (paranasal sinuses) or inside the nasal cavity. Most cases are squamous cell carcinomas.

Characteristics

Risk factors include exposure to wood dust, leather dust, industrial chemicals, smoking, and certain viral infections. Symptoms may include nasal congestion, nosebleeds, facial pain or swelling, decreased sense of smell, and loose teeth.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves nasal endoscopy, biopsy, imaging tests like CT, MRI, or PET scans, and sometimes exploratory surgery. Prognosis depends on tumor size, location, and how early the cancer is detected. Early-stage disease has better outcomes.

Treatment

Treatment typically includes surgery, often followed by radiation therapy. Chemotherapy may be added in more advanced cases. Treatment plans aim to remove the tumor while preserving facial function and appearance when possible.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025