Stomach Cancer

Definition

Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, starts in the lining of the stomach. The most common form is adenocarcinoma, which begins in the glandular cells of the stomach lining.

Characteristics

Symptoms often appear in advanced stages and may include indigestion, abdominal discomfort, nausea, loss of appetite, weight loss, difficulty swallowing, and vomiting blood. Risk factors include Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking, high-salt diet, family history, and chronic gastritis.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves endoscopy, biopsy, imaging tests (CT, PET scans), and blood tests. Prognosis depends on how early the cancer is detected and how far it has spread. Early-stage stomach cancer has better outcomes, while advanced disease is harder to treat.

Treatment

Treatment may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The treatment plan is based on the cancer’s stage, location, and genetic features.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025