Urethral Cancer

Definition

Urethral cancer is a rare type of cancer that forms in the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. It can affect both men and women, but it is more common in men.

Characteristics

Symptoms may include blood in the urine, frequent or painful urination, weak urine stream, a mass or thickening in the perineum or penis, and urethral discharge. Risk factors include chronic inflammation, urinary tract infections, and a history of sexually transmitted infections.

Diagnosis and Prognosis

Diagnosis involves physical examination, cystoscopy, imaging tests (MRI, CT), and biopsy. Prognosis depends on the tumor’s location, size, stage, and whether it has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. Early-stage urethral cancer has a better outlook.

Treatment

Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The type of treatment depends on the tumor’s size and location. In some cases, a combination of therapies is used. Functional preservation of urinary and sexual function is considered in treatment planning.

Last Revised: 12 May , 2025